Spring Break Day 14

Last day of spring break!  Classes start back up tomorrow.  The children are entertaining me today though I do have things to do.  I'll get some of them done in a little while. The sun was bright then the clouds rolled in. My daughter was yelling at the sky calling it bad and telling it no. LOL I had to think where she heard the word "bad" because I don't use it then I realized Lilo and Stitch call him bad when he acts up.   So, I guess the sky is bad for letting the rain fall.  LOL I have already strained my elecampane tincture this morning. I'm getting ready to strain a jar of ginger, I have 2 going. I'm trying to remember to take pictures of the finished product before I bottle it. I need more dropper bottles. I really do NOT have enough but who knows when we'll have the money.  Some of these tinctures may have to wait to be strained due to lack of storage. It's okay, though. You can't over-brew a tincture. We have already had breakfast. The children happily ate and have been very good so far today. They slept well last night and that makes me a happy mama! LOL  Below is a post from Nat 502 on genotypes. I found the entire discussion very interesting. I am only sharing my original responses though, now responses to my classmates or instructors.  I need to get that ginger done. Have a great day!

Required Topic
Can you give an example of genotypes and phenotypes that can be influenced by the genotype AND the environment?

• Genotype: genetic makeup of a person for a trait
  • For double-jointed example, person can have three possible genotypes: JJ, Jj, jj
• Phenotype: physical expression of genotype
  • For double-jointed example:
    • Person with genotypes JJ or jj will have double-jointed thumbs (J is dominant)
    • Person with genotype jj will not have double-jointed thumbs

 
I’m still trying to find sources for my topic but I wanted to get this posted so we can at least discuss my topic.  I think all this lack of sleep and cranky kids is having a negative affect here.  Marieb and Hoehn (2019) talk about how the genotype is the makeup of the potential traits a person may demonstrate. The phenotype is what the person actually exhibits. My thoughts here were on hair. It is genetic that a person goes bald or grey around the same time as older family members. Some have gone grey as early as their 20s. In my family, we are born blond and as an adult, our hair turns brown and eventually grey.  This is also influenced by environmental factors. Stress is the biggest environmental factor that turns hair grey or even makes it fall out.  There are other factors that make hair fall out such as hormone imbalances which can be reversed.  I know I need more sources and perhaps a nap but I wanted to start the discussion while I worked on that.
 
Marieb, E. N. & Hoehn, K. (2019). Human Anatomy & Physiology 11th Edition. Hoboken, New Jersey. Pearson Education, Inc.

EDIT:  I'm still looking for more studies but a lot of what has come up  is unrelated so I'm trying to refine the search without getting 120,332 hits...  LOL  I did find this one but the full text is not free.  The abstract supports my statement above, which is something we all know anyway, I just think a few sources on the subject should be added to this post.  This article comments on the environmental factor of lack of nutrition.  If you don't eat well, your hair could change color, go grey or even fall out. 
 
Goldberg, L. J. and Lenzy, Y. (2010). Nutrition and Hair. Clinical Dermatology, 28(4) :412-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.038.
 
EDIT Again, Last one:  I wanted to provide something of real substance other than just what "everyone" knows.  I found a very interesting article.  It never occurred to me how rare blond hair is until my search returned this very interesting piece today.  It's specifically about the blond gene in the Solomon Islands but it mentions the few areas blond are found elsewhere.  Being of European decent, this rarity never really occurred to me.  The blond color in the islands, however is actually a genetic mutation that affects 26% of their people.  This is a VERY interesting article!

Kenny, E. E., Timpson, N. J., Sikorai, M., Yee, M. C., Estrada, A. M., Eng, C., Huntsman, S., Burchard, G., Stoneking, M., Bustamante, C. D., and Myles, S. M.  Melanesians blond hair is caused by an amino acid change in TYRP1.  Science. 2012 May 4; 336(6081): 554. doi:10.1126/science.1217849.
 
What are genomic imprinting and nondisjunction?
Genomic imprinting is the process that about 300 genes go through to decide which of the two genes will be expressed (1132).  An example, I have blue eyes, my husband has brown eyes. My daughter has blue/green eyes and my son had bright blue eyes.  Looks like I won that battle!  LOL

Nondisjunction is where either no copies of a parental chromosome or two are present.  This is common in Down Syndrome (1135). 

While this information comes from the text book, I didn’t think Down Syndrome was the only example that had to be out there so I decided to go looking in PubMed and found an interesting article where it appears someone has eye trouble due to this issue. I found this article QUITE interesting since I have muscular issues in my own eyes.
I need to get back to the cranky kids before Katey Kaboom and Experiment 626 do something really awful…

Marieb, E. N. & Hoehn, K. (2019). Human Anatomy & Physiology 11th Edition. Hoboken, New Jersey. Pearson Education, Inc.

Souzeau, E., Thompson, J. A., McLaren, T. L., De Roach, J. N., Barnett, C. P., Lamey, T. M., and Craig, J. E. (2018). Maternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 6 unmasks a novel variant in T U LP1 in a patient with early onset retinal dystrophy. Molecular Vision 2018(24):478-484